Gary Paulsen Essays - Gary Paulsen, Woodsong, Dogsong, Paulsen

Gary Paulsen Gary Paulsen Born May 17, 1939, Gary Paulsen is one of America's most popular writers for young people. Although he was never a dedicated student, Paulsen developed a passion for reading at an early age. After a librarian gave him a book to read, along with his own library card he was hooked. He began spending hours alone in the basement of his apartment building, reading one book after another. Running away from home at the age of 14 and traveling with a carnival, Paulsen gained a taste for adventure. A youthful summer of tough chores on a farm, too many jobs to count, and two rounds of the 1,180-mile Alaskan dog sled race, the Iditarod; have provided abundant material from which he creates his powerful stories. Paulsen's realization that he would become a writer came suddenly when he was working as a satellite technician for an aerospace company in California. One night he walked off the job, never to return. He spent the next year in Hollywood as a magazine proofreader, working on his own writ ing every night. Then he left California and drove to northern Minnesota where he rented a cabin on a lake; by the end of the winter, he had completed his first novel. Living in the remote Minnesota woods, Paulsen soon turned to the sport of dog racing, and entered the 1983 Iditarod. This led to his later novels; Woodsong and Dogsong. Paulsen's overwhelming belief in young people that drives him to write. His intense desire to tap deeply into the human spirit and to encourage readers to observe and care about the world around them has brought him both enormous popularity with young people and critical honor from the children's book community. Paulsen is a master storyteller who has written more than 175 books and some 200 articles and short stories for children and adults. He is one of the most important writers of young adult literature today. My personal insights while reading Paulsen's books are that he can make novels that bring true life into focus. He can show deep emotions through a rugged outdoors book. He also shows immense content and great structure in his books. Most of all I like his style and how he likes to write about his self-events. I think his work is most excellent. He is my favorite author and he lets himself express what he is feeling. I chose this book because I have read many of his previous books and they are great. He is an excellent author and I will continue to keep reading his books.

Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay

Poe and Hawthorne Poe and Hawthorne were two American writers who have defined literature as we know it today. They greatly elevated the standards for short fictional stories (â€Å"Poe Defines the ‘Well Made Tale’†), and were the first to speak to the human heart and to convey truths that withstand the test of time (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces the Concept of Romance†). Poe placed the emphasis of story writing on a single effect that he wanted to leave with the reader, and developed his stories around that effect or final emotion (â€Å"Poe Defines†). Hawthorne, on the other hand, placed importance on the actual representation of the author’s imagination and conception of the world around himself (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces†). These innovative thoughts and experimentations in language have forever changed what we appreciate in writing. Poe and Hawthorne were vital in the development of American literature today because of their inventive uses of sym bolism, theme, language, characterization, and setting to embody the main purposes in their short stories, but we see distinctive differences in the way these are used to set the completely different moods required for romance writing and gothic writing. The most predominate feature Poe and Hawthorne consistently develop in their writing is the use of symbolism. In Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, symbolism in both light and dark forms was represented. From the light patterns of the fires illuminating the rooms and the flames lively dancing across the walls, to the dark clock held within the black room that was ticking away the time the revelers had left to live, Poe strongly contrasts life (light) and death (dark) (â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†). Hawthorne also uses light and dark imagery in his short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†. The main dark symbol comes in the form of the black veil that Mr. Hooper wears to represent some form of sin. The compara... Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay Poe and Hawthorne Poe and Hawthorne were two American writers who have defined literature as we know it today. They greatly elevated the standards for short fictional stories (â€Å"Poe Defines the ‘Well Made Tale’†), and were the first to speak to the human heart and to convey truths that withstand the test of time (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces the Concept of Romance†). Poe placed the emphasis of story writing on a single effect that he wanted to leave with the reader, and developed his stories around that effect or final emotion (â€Å"Poe Defines†). Hawthorne, on the other hand, placed importance on the actual representation of the author’s imagination and conception of the world around himself (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces†). These innovative thoughts and experimentations in language have forever changed what we appreciate in writing. Poe and Hawthorne were vital in the development of American literature today because of their inventive uses of sym bolism, theme, language, characterization, and setting to embody the main purposes in their short stories, but we see distinctive differences in the way these are used to set the completely different moods required for romance writing and gothic writing. The most predominate feature Poe and Hawthorne consistently develop in their writing is the use of symbolism. In Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, symbolism in both light and dark forms was represented. From the light patterns of the fires illuminating the rooms and the flames lively dancing across the walls, to the dark clock held within the black room that was ticking away the time the revelers had left to live, Poe strongly contrasts life (light) and death (dark) (â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†). Hawthorne also uses light and dark imagery in his short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†. The main dark symbol comes in the form of the black veil that Mr. Hooper wears to represent some form of sin. The compara...

Movie What's Eating Gilbert Grape Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What's Eating Gilbert Grape - Movie Review Example The movie portrays that there are a number of issues relating to the nature of the 'difficulties' or 'retardation' in individuals of low ability, sometimes known as the 'delay versus deviance debate'. Following Lustig (1999) that is, are those without and those with learning difficulties following the same developmental trajectory, but with the 'retarded' individual doing so at a slower rate; also, will 'retarded' individuals reach a lower ceiling, or are there qualitative differences in the paths they are. Challenging behavior is not a transient phenomenon. Many people show such behavior throughout their lives. Challenging behavior includes physical assault upon others, the most frequent example, damage to the environment, self-injury, severe noncompliance, persistent screaming, pica, public masturbation, inappropriate sexual behavior and recurrent vomiting (Vanderschie-Bezyak 2003). The analysis of Arnie's behaviour allows to say that mental retardation is characterized by subaverage general intellectual functioning which has originated before the age of 16 years and is associated with impairment in adaptive behavior manifest as: (1) delayed maturation, (2) slowness in learning, and (3) social adjustment. The whole classification had three parts, clinical, behavioral and intellectual. The clinical section was introduced into hospital practice. This statement, although relating specifically to mental capacity can equally be applied to all interactions that health care professionals have with people with learning disability whether it be medical, educational, therapeutic or social (Rimmerman and Raif, 2001). The movie supports research studies and current literature on the topic of mental retardation portraying that siblings and relatives are affected by illness of one family member. in their research Vanderschie-Bezyak (2003) and Rimmerman and Raif (2001) found that for some people, their development may be erratic and at certain times the person may appear to have reached a plateau which continues for a longer period than expected. When this occurs, it is necessary to investigate if there are other contributory factors which have gone undetected. For example, a hearing loss or unrewarding experiences in cases where the person's attempts have been ignored, or conversely where every need of the person is anticipated and met, thus reducing motivation to communicate. In "What's Eating Gilbert Grape", mental retardation results in suicide of the father 17 years ago. It is possible to assume that the father suffered from mental illness and it was the caused of the suicide. The causes of mental retardation are diverse, but critics underline that family history is one of the possible signs of mental illnesses. Also, the movie portrays that, Bonnie, a mother of the ill child, suffers from some kind of the mental illness resulted in obesity and overeating. These life circumstances lead to isolation of the family from society and loneliness (Rimmerman and Raif, 2001). Through the character of Arnie, the movie depicts hat left to themselves, many children spend less time close by their parents and caregivers compared to other children. Those who do tend to stay close may look toward their caregiver to show off what they

International Business - Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Business - Starbucks - Essay Example This has been the key reason, according to the case study, that managers in Starbucks decided to use alternative internationalization strategies that could protect the firm’s interests more effectively. The inappropriateness of licensing, as the core internationalization strategy of Starbucks, can be understood by referring to the characteristics of licensing. Licensing, as a strategy for expanding internationally, can offer a series of advantages. In fact, licensing is considered as one of the most popular internationalization strategies (Czinkota et al. 2009). In the context of licensing ‘a party can uses intellectual property of another party paying compensation in the form of royalty’ (Czinkota et al. 2009, p.244). The intellectual property the use of which can be allowed to third parties, under compensation, can vary, incorporating ‘patents, trademarks and business skills’ (Czinkota et al. 2009, p.244). In general, licensing has related to the fo llowing benefits: there is no need for capital investment, compared to other internationalization agreements (Czinkota et al. 2009). ... The licensing agreement is considered as an ideal strategy for testing foreign markets as of their potential to offer high profits (Cherunilam 2010). After testing a foreign market using the licensing agreement the licensor may decide to proceed to a full-entry in the particular market, in case that prospects for high growth are identified (Cherunilam 2010). In other words, the licensing agreement can be used as a means for checking a market’s prospects in regard to a specific product/ services before proceeding to the further promotion of this product/ service in the particular market (Stonehouse et al. 2007). Managers in Starbucks probably used initially the licensing agreement as a first tool for checking the perspectives of markets worldwide. It seems that the firm would prefer to avoid investing funds on internationalization agreements in regard to markets the potentials of which were unknown. After testing these markets, the firm’s managers were ready to proceed t o the next phase, i.e. to develop internationalization strategies that could offer full control over the firm’s intellectual property. At this point, reference should be made to the following fact: the company had used licensing only in Asia, probably aiming to explore the local markets’ potentials in terms of the firm’s products. In Canada, the expansion of the firm was arranged differently: the owners of Starbucks bought the stores in Canada so that a full control is secured. Of course, the use, directly, of another internationalization strategy in Canada was feasible, since the firm’s owners could have a better view of the particular market’s prospects, meaning that there was no need for testing the Canadian market in regard to its responses to

EXAM PREPARATION (MARKETING RESEARCH) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EXAM PREPARATION (MARKETING RESEARCH) - Essay Example For a company that wants to differentiate its existing products or to innovate, the marketing department has to conduct exploratory research. With this research design, the marketing department will see how its customers respond to these new products in terms of their attitudes to buy these products or their feedback about its features, quality and utility etc. Most innovative firms such as Apple, Microsoft, Cisco, Vodafone etc almost always used exploratory research design to further discover new ideas. Apple Inc used exploratory research to develop iPod, by learning about how consumers wanted a portable device that could play favorite songs with increased volume quality and with ample storage capacity. Exploratory marketing research can help the researcher identify strategic management practices, financial or auditing approaches, marketing opportunities that may lead the company to achieve competitive advantage etc. Basically, the exploratory research is to provide the researcher w ith preliminary information about the problem or the opportunity to be studied. Descriptive research design attempts to obtain data that can describe the characteristics of the topic of interest in the research. Descriptive research is mainly designed to help the researcher to determine the frequency with which some incident occurs or to determine the relationship between two variables. This type of research is relatively rigid in nature, because the researcher assumes certain underlying characteristics of the market or he has some precise question of the statement of the research. Marketing management of a company may have to study about seasonal trends that affect their marketing. Descriptive research is the appropriate design for this type of research. Descriptive research is frequently used by companies to segment the potential market. With segmentation, the marketer initially identifies

Drawbacks Of The Entrepreneurship Commerce Essay

Drawbacks Of The Entrepreneurship Commerce Essay First of all, the assignment describes about what Entrepreneurs are by explaining their roles and responsibilities. Secondly, the benefits and advantages occurred by Entrepreneurship are going to be discussed. Thirdly, the downsides or disadvantages arose should be argued according to the literature reviews. Last but not least, some recommendations would be added to cover up that dark side of Entrepreneurship. At this point, many literature reviews are applied and deliberated in order to evaluate for the difficulties or obstacles of Entrepreneurship. What are Entrepreneurs? Baumol (1990) defines that Entrepreneurs are persons who are creative and imaginative in finding ways and add them to their own wealth, power and prestige. Entrepreneurs innovate and introduce new quality of good which consumers are not familiar yet. Besides, they often launch new method of production and new market which have not been tested and existed before yet. Moreover, they also bring new source of supply of raw material or half manufactured goods. Likewise, they create monopoly position which is the carrying out of the new organisation of any industry. Baumol (1990) proposes that it is important to differentiate between two primary types of entrepreneurs to understand how economic development occurs. The initiation entrepreneur is responsible for unprecedented economic growth during 19th and 20th centuries; creating new products, new productive technologies or procedures which has not existed before. Whereas the imitative entrepreneur is for economic advancement in developing countries today, where there is a more widespread and occurs after initiating have successfully demonstrated the utility of their innovation product or process. However, Hannafey (2003) believes that Entrepreneurs take part in economic tasks that increase employment, create new organisation and perform other business activities. Nevertheless, Stanworth and Gray (1991) add that entrepreneurs examine situational or contextual factors such as socio-economic structures and influence the wider economy by enterprising culture in the locality. Benefits of Entrepreneurship Wickham (1998: 34) in Kirby (2003: 28) suggested that being the Entrepreneurs is relates to the creating and managing vision and linking those vision to other people, by representing leadership, encouraging people and being effective in getting people to agree the changes. Moreover, it concerns with the profit-making activities and which are to aid five functions such as. Innovation and change New venture creation Business growth Job generation Regional development. The participating of Entrepreneurs to the economy and society encounters the convention and expose the ways of thinking and behaving that were not occurred before. Advantages of Entrepreneurship Importantly, the benefits of a business venture that would occur when an owner launches a new business should be considered. Zimmer and Scarborough, 2002 indicate that Entrepreneurs create an opportunity for themselves. Likewise, Entrepreneurship, a perfect opportunity for business owners to contribute to society, creates the benefit for the owner of a particular business to make a difference which happens through opportunities that are crucial to the owner. Significantly, Entrepreneurs observe the limited natural resources effectively and combine their concerns with social issues. Besides, Entrepreneurs inaugurate a market potential for their innovation and lead customers and sell the venture to investors. Shane, 2000: 448 establish that Entrepreneurs have the ability to recognise new knowledge to exploit new products and technology including knowledge of customer problems and knowledge of technology known as Entrepreneurial opportunity. Therefore, this opportunity may lead to better understanding of the new knowledge or technology for innovation. Drawbacks in Entrepreneurship Even though innovations create the new opportunities, radical or disruptive innovations could be occurred the industries into a higher risk (Rae, 2007: 79). Entrepreneurs possess personal traits and behaviours which could harm their roles as managers or workers (Vries, 1985: 160). Thus, Entrepreneurs are often known as risk takers (Wickham, 2004:194). Since, the new products demand, the activities of the competitors and government interventions are not overwhelmed by the Entrepreneurs, they sometimes need to manage the risk and make a right decision for the uncertainties (Wickham, 2004: 195). Thus it is crucial for owners to establish a particular business activity although they sometimes create drawbacks in entrepreneurship due to the following reasons. Life cycle of the business venture Nieman et. al., 2003 mention that the stages of entrepreneurial development can sometimes fail due to the life cycle of the business venture. Figure 1: Stages of Entrepreneurial development Entrepreneurs can only harvest in the pre-start up stage, because they have competition with other industry. This competition creates potential threat which they could not resist therefore; they buy the patent to protect their business. In the start-up stage, Entrepreneurs face with an increasing risk and potential for business failure because market demand is not very certain and the profits are less. Nevertheless, most Entrepreneurs are likely to harvest and sell the venture based on the current performance in the growth stage. However, in maturity stage, sales and profits decline and there are many competitive pressures in the distribution elements. Finally, during the decline stage, sales and profit decrease rapidly due to the poor strategic positioning in business prospect of Entrepreneurs. Since Entrepreneurs cannot classify and distinguish new process opportunities, most of them do not retain chances along with the technology changes. (Kirzner, 1973). The failure of new small firms Most entrepreneurs are creative and they process new ventures. Albeit, not all the entrepreneurs create the ventures and they are not managed by the entrepreneurs. However, Scarborough and Zimmerer (2003) in Kirby (2003: 35) stated that the most common reasons of the failure of the new ventures are because of the managerial incompetence, nonexistence of experience, low financial control, absence of strategic management, incorrect or inappropriate place, having not enough inventory control and failure to create the entrepreneurial transitions or changes. Starting up business requires a great deal of dedication and discipline therefore, in order to build a successful business; entrepreneurs might face many various obstacles which become impossible. Making wrong decisions A manager could not have detailed knowledge of probabilities of what might happen in the future, thus a decision could become uncertain. Thus, they might accept various rules according to minimise their greatest loss or maximise their least return (Wickham, 2004:196). Moreover, sometimes the decisions could become ambiguity where it sandwiches between uncertainty and risk which has indefinite chance. Poor quality of the analysis for Business plan Importantly, meeting a clear business document plays a vital role in organisations. Nowadays, most Entrepreneurs face with some difficulties when setting a business plan for creating poor quality ones. Further, business plans are not describe back even though Entrepreneurs get funding through achievements. Thus, the opportunities become failure while occurring to the business to alter according to its environment. Additionally, there should be not only clear mission statement but also precise objectives in the business. The reasons why Entrepreneurs fail today are not because of unclear business plan but because of uncertain goals and mission statements for their business. Without the following facts, a business would not meet its mission statement. One reason might be due to the absence of unique sales proposition (USP) that creates consumers to buy from the business and differentiates a business from its competitors. (Kirby, 2003: 237). Additionally, Entrepreneurs create a poor mission statement; long and confused to remember and not setting a clear one which is easy to memorize. That is why; neither customers and the staff nor themselves can recall their memory but fail to meet businesss goals and aims. A range of Ethical problems Hannafey (2003) describes that Entrepreneurships encounter ethical problems that are dissimilar from other business men because they introduce new technology and innovate business techniques that they are the first to encounter new ethical dilemmas where the demand of innovations could be complex in Entrepreneurial environments. Powell (1990) thinks that there is an abundance of opportunity for low-order Entrepreneurship because so many basic needs are unsatisfied in developing countries. In addition, the Australian economist Joseph Schumpeter outlines that Entrepreneurship creates and destroys economic structures in the economy. Hisrich (1998) suggests that Entrepreneurship demonstrates stronger ethical perceptions about their relationship to the businesses in which they were involved. Longnecker et. al (1998; 27) comment that Entrepreneurs are stricter in sometime when they do ethical judgements. Thus, personal characteristics of individual Entrepreneur affect the ethical perspectives and business decision makes a major topic in literature. Chau and Siu (2000; 370) suggest that entrepreneurs both inside and outside of organisation are required to manage others viewpoints and to resolve moral conflicts. The competitive market pressures will harm Entrepreneurs viewpoints on ethics. Dees and Starr (1992, 89) note that Entrepreneurs usually encounter promoter dilemmas because they must win the customers, investors, bankers, suppliers to support the risks and uncertainties of the new enterprise. Promoter dilemmas include uncertainty over how much detailed information to convey about the risks of a venture. Moreover, Entrepreneurs great optimism and enthusiasm may limit his/ her ability to distinguish and make judgements about potential ethical problems. Additionally, Entrepreneurial innovations can bring complex negative externalities that may need society to re-examine certain norms and values. Legal considerations There are a lot of challenges from different legal and regulatory environments. In order to handle the going international, an Entrepreneur needs to have not only an overall intelligence of legal system of the country but also a legal counsel to handle specifics. If they have lack of understanding of intellectual property, they might be unable to remember and protect the assets such as patents, trademarks and copyrights. Furthermore, they must understand taxes, liability and interest in the particular country and aware any regulations that might affect the new venture (Hirich, 2010). Risks Kuratko (2009) states that once Entrepreneurs start or buy a new business, they usually face with the greater risks. The researchers note that Entrepreneurs risk- taking activity is due to the typology of Entrepreneurial styles. The figure 2 explains about the level of personal financial risk and the level of profit motive which means whether Entrepreneurs try to gain monetary or return from the venture. Simply, they need to consider how to maximise the profit or minimise the risk. In the activity seeking part, Entrepreneurs find out independence or the work of the venture that are known as the Entrepreneurships activities. On the other hand, the theory argues that the relationship between risk and financial return creates Entrepreneurs different from one another. It is noted that Entrepreneurial risk sometimes can be regarded as a complicated issue. Figure 2: A Typology of Entrepreneurial Styles However, their ego could meet numerous risks- financial risk, career risk, family and social risk and psychic risk which are more than a simple economic risk (Kuratko, 2009: 40). Financial risk Entrepreneurs stand significant portion of his/ her savings to other resources at stake. They could meet financial obligations since there is no assurance of a steady income. The money will be lost if the venture fails. Moreover, they need to sign personally on company obligations that exceed his/ her personal net worth. Additionally, there would be personal bankruptcy since they are not enthusiastic to leave their personal belongings and start a new business. Career Risk Entrepreneurs have worries on whether they will discover a new job or continue back again their former ones if their ventures fail. This becomes most important worry to those who have a secure organizational job with a high income and good benefit package. Family and social risk Entrepreneurs may need to spend their energy and time which may occur incomplete family experience and permanent emotional scars. Dees and Starr (1992: 98) agree that entrepreneurs encounter various relationship dilemmas which may lead to complex ethical problems because roles and relationships change from their pre-venture to their post- venture status. Entrepreneurs might face Relationship dilemmas since they could not plan for get- together time to meet up with old friends and which may vanish their social relationships. Psychic Risk Most entrepreneurs suffer financial disasters that are difficult to recover immediately. This mental ability could harm to the well- being of the individual. High level of Stress When work demands and expectations exceed entrepreneurs abilities, they experience stress. That is because they have to take full authority for their business and their decisions have a direct impact on whether the business may be successful or fail (Zimmerer and Scarborough, 2002). Failure of a business may cause financial ruin and create intense levels of stress and anxiety. Among the four causes of entrepreneurs stress, Boyd and Gumpert (1983) comment that loneliness could happen to entrepreneurs because they spent long hours of work and not participating in social activities. Also, Entrepreneurs are immovable with their numerous works thus; they have no involvement in extra curriculum activities such as spending social gathering party or go out for recreation which is due to the immersion in businesses. Additionally, there would be irreconcilable conflicts and people problems when Entrepreneurs become exasperate and disappoint not only when they manage the employees performance standards but also encounter conflicts with customers and professionals. That is because; Entrepreneurs are enthusiastic to achieve the goals and never satisfied with their work as they are worry that their competitors might come in if they slow down the business. Hence, in order to recover those stress and tensions, firstly, Entrepreneurs should manage networking with other business owners. Moreover, it is necessary to seek out the satisfaction outside the company. Secondly, they should go for short vacations to have better relaxations. So they could build a better communications not only with their employees and staffs but also with their clients and customers. Conclusions To sum up, Entrepreneurs will be gradually important in global economic life. Nowadays, the activities done by Entrepreneurs become crucial to the global economy. Therefore, it is important for Entrepreneurs to have carefully designed and carry out executed research on the ethical dimension. However, new research with a global focus is needed to find out more about how Entrepreneurs deal with ethical issues across different cultures. Hisrich (1998) suggests that Entrepreneurship ethical standards on individual Entrepreneurs may overwhelm by the core values of family members, teachers in early life. Business professionals and ethics may seek to develop norms of behaviour for specific kinds of entrepreneurial moral dilemmas. Last but not least, it is vital to study why persons become entrepreneurs and how these motivations affect or influence their relationship to their organisation they create -that will provide a deeper understanding of the moral perspectives and behaviours of entrep reneurs. The total word count is 2420 (excluding cover page, content page and references).

Examining the Madness of Hamlet Portrayed in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay

The theme of madness in Hamlet has been a widely popular topic in the discussion of the play by both critics and readers alike. It is quite simple to see the reason why, since the play confronts us with evidence to prove the validity of the claim to Hamlet’s true madness, or, rather, a view that the actions and words arising from the apparent madness, is but an feigned "antic disposition" as proclaimed by Hamlet himself. This uncertainty in my view, is the question that has bothered many readers of the play, since a dramatic device like this has it’s purpose. What that purpose is however, is not made clear because of the conflicting evidence of that can be found within the play that supports or contradicts each other. Some have even attributed this uncertainty as carelessness on Shakespeare’s part. My view however is that the unresolved tension these questions bring up, have a part in playing out the plot and also in showing the uncertainties of human nature. Mad ness in my view, is not an absolute concept. It’s occurrence varies with the situation, or for Hamlet, it varies in the degree he allows his emotions to carry him. The significance of madness in the plot can be seen on two levels. First, on the more superficial level of the plot itself, where madness on Hamlet’s part seeks to disarm his enemy, Claudius, in order that he may buy time to affirm the Ghost’s allegations. On a deeper level, this madness reflects the true nature of his deeper psychological self, and poses questions of his behavior. It is the fact of these two levels co-existing that brings about the ambiguity of Hamlet’s true nature, since both these ideas seem to contradict and even clash with one another. The first reason, that to disarm Claudius’s suspi... ...to help Hamlet, is faithful to father’s wishes and shares secrets with her brother. However, Hamlet’s deterioration, coupled with the wrath of his anger made to kill her father, upsets her to her breaking point. As poor Ophelia cannot see why her world changes suddenly with the stabbing of her father by her lover. It is too shocking, unlike Hamlet’s gradual process into deterioration, whose pivotal point was slower. That is why she plunges into a much deeper madness than Hamlet. Her brother, being far away in France is unable to do anything. Her loneliness thus compounds her sorrow further, leaving her no one to turn to. In conclusion, my answer to whether Hamlet is mad is thus; he was mad, but mad in a way that unlike Ophelia’s more conventional madness of the mind, was that of the heart. Hamlet’s madness came out of rage and emotion that bubbled silently within.

Identify and briefly explain three reasons Essay

Due to rational thinking and the culture of todays’ society become less traditional, it could be that there is less time in people’s lives to believe in a Religion. As going to Church and worshiping takes time out of someone’s daily routine where they may feel they are needed more. The growth of state and democracy (disengagement) means that the state and the church are not as influenced by one another as they used to be, this means that there is not a great amount of pressure on people to attend church by the state. Religion on its own is not enough of a force for people to attend church meaning it is less influential. It could also be that due to the forward thinking of today’s society and like Grace Davie says, that people today are far more inclined to take a personalised view on religion, and that churches such as the Church of England are not in decline but are more privatised in the household home. 02) Using material from item A and elsewhere assess the view that, while the Church of England is declining, other religions and spiritual movements are flourishing. I aim to show that even though statistics say that attendance is declining in religious worship, that actually it may not be that religion is declining but the way worship is happening now has changed and there is in fact many more forms of religion. In item A it states that from a report by the Bible society that by 2025 only 87,800 people will be attending church, compared to the one million plus that attend church now. Weber and Comte also said that eventually religion would wither away due to the world changing and accepting science and science beliefs such as New Age and Scientology over religious explanations of the world, and the less emotions and traditions which are according to Weber the main characteristics of religion. As well as rationalism like Comte also conveys in a different way. Steve Bruce also says that religion is in decline as he took Comte’s ideas and made his own modernity thesis which said that Modernity was the main route for religion declining and that it was indeed declining. However  it was only declining because of certain key processes which are rationalisation the idea that rational thinking in the shape of science has replaced religious influence, disengagement the idea that the church and wider society are separate and not involved with each other, fragmentation of social life the idea that religious institutions have been pushed out of many institutions such as education and politics, loss of community the idea that community is being replaced by society and religious pluralism the idea that industrialisation has fragmented society into a marketplace of religions. Steve Bruce says that because of his thesis it is that religion is in decline, especially those of the traditional kind such as the Church of England this is because for religious decline to be happening due to the key processes happening all at ponce acting on each other. Bruce also says religion isn’t undermining education welfare and social control and as a result society is not learning about religion as they were pre modernity and so religion is declining as it is not being taught as it was before. It can also be argued that the religions such as the Church of England are not declining and spiritual movements are not flourishing just coming to light. This may be because the stats used to prove the decline in the Church of England by the bible society and others haven’t been collected by systematic collection. It may be that those who collect the data are only counting the heads that enter the church they don’t take into account those who aren’t able to make it to church. Such as those who worship by themselves in their time but also those who can’t make it to church, such as the elderly and instead worship privately and watch songs of praise. Stark and Bainbridge also supports this in their work but also disagree with Bruce when he says that during medieval period there were more religious people as they say that yes more people attended church in those tomes but they weren’t religious, they only attended as they had to because the squire made them, as they wanted to keep their pay and jobs. They were actually very disrespectful in the church service by belching and farting in the pews, now you don’t get those who don’t want to be in church in church and so religions such as the Church of England haven’t declined it is only those who are truly religious that now go to church. Grace Davie is another sociologist who believes that religions such as the Church of England are not in decline as she believes that society now doesn’t always leave enough  time for people to attend a place of worship but they do so privately. Private worship means that people may believe that as they don’t go to church or the place of worship they aren’t religious and assume religion is in decline however this is not true they are just choosing to worship in private. Due to the belief of crisis of meaning and uncertainty brought on by the postmodern or high modernity era that it is said we live in, it is true that spiritual movements are flourishing and coming to light. This is mainly because when people are searching for meaning and certainty they look towards the future for this and new spiritual movements can normally give this certainty but can also give a person an insight into themselves and help them discover themselves as an individual and what their meaning in the world is. In conclusion I believe that religious movements are not in decline as the supporting evidence is more and uses more historical and correct data than those who say religion is declining. It is also true that Bruce did not make his thesis based on data but based on what he thought, meaning that those for not in decline were more supported and there theories backed up by solid evidence and data.

The Practice of Loving Kindness or Metta Defined

The Practice of Loving Kindness or Metta Defined Loving kindness is defined in English dictionaries as a feeling of benevolent affection. But in Buddhism, loving kindness (in Pali, Metta; in Sanskrit, Maitri) is thought of as a mental state or attitude, cultivated and maintained by practice. This cultivation of loving kindness is an essential part of Buddhism. The Theravadin scholar Acharya Buddharakkhita said of Metta, The Pali word metta is a multi-significant term meaning loving-kindness, friendliness, goodwill, benevolence, fellowship, amity, concord, inoffensiveness and non-violence. The Pali commentators define metta as the strong wish for the welfare and happiness of others (parahita-parasukha-kamana). ... True metta is devoid of self-interest. It evokes within a warm-hearted feeling of fellowship, sympathy and love, which grows boundless with practice and overcomes all social, religious, racial, political and economic barriers. Metta is indeed a universal, unselfish and all-embracing love. Metta often is paired with Karuna, compassion. They are not exactly the same, although the difference is subtle. The classic explanation is that Metta is a wish for all beings to be happy, and Karuna is a wish for all beings to be free from suffering. Wish is probably not the right word, though, because wishing seems passive. It might be more accurate to say directing ones attention or concern to the happiness or suffering of others. Developing loving kindness is essential to doing away with the self-clinging that binds us to suffering (dukkha). Metta is the antidote to selfishness, anger, and fear. Dont Be Nice One of the biggest misunderstandings people have about Buddhists is that Buddhists are always supposed to be nice. But, usually, niceness is only a social convention. Being nice often is about self-preservation and maintaining a sense of belonging in a group. We are nice because we want people to like us, or at least not get angry with us. Theres nothing wrong with being nice, most of the time, but its not the same thing as loving kindness. Remember, Metta is concerned with the genuine happiness of others. Sometimes when people are behaving badly, the last thing they need for their own happiness is someone politely enabling their destructive behavior. Sometimes people need to be told things they dont want to hear; sometimes they need to be shown that what they are doing is not okay. Cultivating Metta His Holiness the Dalai Lama is supposed to have said, This is my simple religion. There is no need for temples; no need for complicated philosophy. Our own brain, our own heart is our temple. The philosophy is kindness. Thats great, but remember that were talking about a guy who gets up at 3:30 a.m. to make time for meditation and prayers before breakfast. Simple isnt necessarily easy. Sometimes people new to Buddhism will hear about loving kindness, and think, No sweat. I can do that. And they wrap themselves in the persona of a lovingly kind person and go about being very, very nice. This lasts until the first encounter with a rude driver or surly store clerk. As long as your practice is about you being a nice person, you are just play-acting. This may seem paradoxical, but unselfishness begins by gaining insight into yourself and understanding the source of your ill will, irritations, and insensitivity. This takes us to the basics of Buddhist practice, beginning with the Four Noble Truths and the practice of the Eightfold Path. Metta Meditation The Buddhas best-known teaching on Metta is in the Metta Sutta, a sermon in the Sutta Pitaka. Scholars say the sutta (or sutra) presents three ways to practice Metta. The first is applying Metta to day-to-day conduct. The second is Metta meditation. The third is a commitment to embody Metta with full body and mind. The third practice grows from the first two. The several schools of Buddhism have developed several approaches to Metta meditation, often involving visualization or recitation. A common practice is to begin by offering Metta to oneself. Then (over a period of time) Metta is offered to someone in trouble. Then to a loved one, and so on, progressing to someone you dont know well, to someone you dislike, and eventually to all beings. Why begin with yourself? Buddhist teacher Sharon Salzberg said, To reteach a thing its loveliness is the nature of Metta. Through loving kindness, everyone and everything can flower again from within. Because so many of us struggle with doubts and self-loathing, we must not leave ourselves out. Flower from within, for yourself and for everyone.

Comparison of Mail Communications Essays - Email, Mail, Free Essays

Comparison of Mail Communications Essays - Email, Mail, Free Essays Comparison of Mail Communications Business Comparison of Mail Communications New technologies have always allowed us to do things faster, more efficiently, and more professionally than ever before. Generally, every new technology is a step forward for speed and productivity. But, despite this paradigm, the coming of the latest mail communications innovation has brought many pros and cons with the package. Electronic mail could be the greatest thing since sliced bread, but there are many who find flaws in it. We are now going to take a moment to compare the speed, ease, reliability, and expense of electronic mail with our general postal system. The speed of transfer is an important part of the decision to send mail by either protocol. E-mail has a distinct advantage in this category. With the click of a button, your message will be received in a period of 5 to 30 seconds. Whether you are sending e-mail to a person across the street or in Afghanistan, the transfer rate is virtually the same. Also, data files and computer applications can be sent via e-mail; however, large files will slow upload & download time even though they are sent in seconds. Unfortunately, physical packages such as gifts or magazines cannot be attached to e-mail. On the other side of the spectrum, the postal service can send any kind of physical package, from a magazine to a pool table, for a price proportional to its size. The postal service can also transfer data if it is placed on a disk or a CD-ROM. Speed, however, is a problem. Even the smallest letter takes from two days to two weeks to deliver, depending on the locations of the sender and the receiver. Even sending a letter to the house across the street takes time due to unnecessary movement. The mail is taken to the nearest large post office, sorted there, then delivered to the post office closest to the destination, and delivered from there. In other words, mail that is sent across town sometimes has to travel out of town and back again to reach the final point. Another variable aspect of the two mail systems is ease-of-use, which can potentially be quite costly. E-mail has many disadvantages when viewed from this angle. For one thing, e-mail requires some knowledge of computer operation. Anyone who wishes to use e-mail needs to know how to use the software that it requires, and one can only send e-mail to other people with the same knowledge. Secondly, a computer with various equipment is needed. Hardware includes: motherboard with processor ($300+), hard drive ($100-$200), four megs RAM ($60), video card ($80-$200), fax modem ($50-$200), and monitor & keyboard ($200-$450). The e-mail user also has to pay a monthly fee on his e-mail internet account, generally ranging from $8 to $25 per month, whether the account is used or not. The only financial advantage to this system is that postage stamps are not required. General mail differs in that the only knowledge required is literacy, and the only equipment that is needed is an envelope ($.03) and a stamp ($.32). No monthly fee is levied on mail users, and anyone can send and receive mail. These facts show that, in terms of expense, the Postal Service has an edge on E-mail. Finally, we will review the reliability of each system. Because e-mail is run by a computer network, human error is impossible. Consequently, e-mail is always transferred to the correct address; it never is lost, stolen, and its contents are never removed. Unfortunately, since humans do operate the servers that transfer the messages, server operators have the power to read mail that is passing through. They also can copy files that are attached to messages, though the messages and files themselves are not damaged in any way. The old method of mail, on the other hand, has even more problems. First, since humans deliver the envelopes, error is not uncommon. Letters have been delivered to the wrong address on numerous occasions; checks and other items have been stolen out of packages by dishonest postal workers. In short, both e-mail and our traditional mail service are unsafe. After viewing all of the details of each system, a declaration that either protocol is better than the other would be sophomoric. Each has its pros and cons. E-mail may be faster, but it is much more expensive. Mail may be easy to use, but it is slow. Each individual must choose which system fits his needs and is most comfortable for him. The healthy competition between the two creates a better

Noise Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Noise Pollution - Essay Example Sound is made up of longitudinal waves that travel through air and cause certain materials to vibrate and create sound. The common characteristics of sound are intensity, frequency, amplitude and velocity. Sound cannot travel in outer space because it is a vacuum. (Ron Kurtus, 2009) According to Kurtus atoms and molecules that float in outer space are too far apart to actually cause any vibration or sound. A loud explosion in outer space would hardly be heard because of the vacuum. Unlike electromagnetic waves that easily travel through space through electrical and magnetic fields, sound waves are caused due to vibration of matter. (Ron Kurtus, 2009) The intensity of sound varies from human to human due to varying hearing sensitivity and therefore cannot be generalized. Sounds which could be normal for some could be harsh for others. Sound frequencies ranging between 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz seem most sensitive to the human ear. However, a normal human ear with the right hearing ability has the lowest threshold of approximately 4000 Hz for comfortable hearing. When sound intensity goes beyond this threshold it tends to impact on the ear causing damage. Such intense sounds include loud explosions, blasts, crashes and noise from heavy machinery etc. Prolonged exposure to such intensity of sounds is liable to lead to permanent damage. Sound intensity is described as the average rate of sound energy flow across a perpendicular surface in the line of propagation. Sound intensity is measured by special units, namely, bel and decibel which are logarithmic. If there is an increase of 1 bel, the intensity of the sound increases ten fold. An i ncrease of 1 dB increases the intensity by approximately 25% and the change in audibility can hardly be detected. The threshold for human hearing is 0 dB sound intensity. The intensity of sound decreases as distance is increased. (www.physicsclassroom.com) The frequency of

Cell biology Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cell biology - Lab Report Example The oculars are also identified as the eyepiece lens and are the ones that a person looks into so as to see magnified specimen and are usually of 10X or 15 X magnifications. The objectives are the lens closest to the object and are usually of different magnification powers. The objective lens is held together by a revolving nose piece that is able to rotate in an easy manner enabling the change of the different lens powers. These powers are of three or four different types and are mostly four, ten, forty, and a hundred times. For complete magnification, both the eyepiece and the objective lens powers are multiplied. The eyepiece and the objectives are connected by a type of tube that is usually straight in shape. This tube is connected and supported to the base by a part identified. For the microscope to function, it is important to have an illuminator that is described as a steady light source that is usually about one hundred and ten volts. In most cases, the illuminator is usually used in place of a mirror that is used to reflect light from an external light source. The specimen are placed on slides and then placed on a platform commonly known as the stage and is usually at the bottom part of the microscope. It is important to understand that the specimen require to be held in place as the magnification takes place. The most common of all microscopes have movable stages that can move right, left, top or bottom. A condenser lens is used to direct light rays from an illumination source to the specimen that is bound to get examined. Condenser lenses are most useful at the highest powers (400X and above).   Microscopes with in stage condenser lenses render a sharper image than those with no lens (at 400X).   If your microscope has a maximum power of 400X, you will get the maximum benefit by using a condenser lenses rated at 0.65 NA or greater.   0.65 NA condenser lenses may be mounted in the stage and work quite well.   A big advantage